Southern Illinois University Carbondale

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    Skills Development in Hydrologic Sciences for Cohorts of Graduate Students from Morocco, Egypt, Türkiye, and Indonesia

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    In developing countries in Africa and Asia, meeting challenges of water scarcity and pollution has often been hampered by shortcomings in higher education, including insufficient research productivity and funding, lack of opportunity for university graduates, and a mismatch between university activities and societal needs. To address these issues, we developed novel programs integrating technical instruction and preparation for professional practice in hydrology for cohorts of graduate students from Morocco and Egypt (2012–2013) and from Türkiye and Indonesia (2013–2014). Students participated in an initial online course and a follow-up workshop featuring geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing, and hydrologic modeling with internet-based data sets. Field activities in the USA (first cohort) and in the students’ home countries (second cohort) included stream gauging, measurement of water levels in wells, water sampling, and measurement of hydrochemical parameters. A subsequent online course focused on research ethics, preparing proposals and publications, and presenting findings to technical audiences and the public, culminating in presentations at conferences in the USA. Participants mentored other students at their home institutions and at K-12 schools in Türkiye and Indonesia. Participant feedback during and after the programs tended to be strongly positive, and participants have continued to engage with project leaders and mentor students in their home countries and the USA. Our modular, hybrid approach offers a template for students in hydrology and related fields to develop relevant skills and engage internationally

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    Aligning Audience Needs with Scientists’ Information in the Complex Harmful Algal Bloom Outreach to Engagement Continuum

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    Algae, an important foundation of aquatic ecosystems, can become a nuisance or harmful when it grows in excess. Many government agencies have a role in monitoring, responding to, and confirming a harmful algal bloom (HAB). HAB scientists have important information to share, however, given the complexities of HABs, which often involve decoupled drivers from observed impacts, presents challenges to outreach and engagement. Understanding key audience information needs can help scientists prioritize key science communication and engagement opportunities to maximize the impact of such efforts. Scientists may need additional science communication training or support for scientist-community partnerships. This will be evermore important into the future with the likely range expansion of HABs due to climate change

    When Prohibition is Not Regulation: Analyzing the Court\u27s Decision in Wallach v. Town of Dryden, 16 N.E.3D 1188 (N.Y. 2014)

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    The increased use of hydraulic fracturing has led to concerns about possible environmental harm. Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, is a resource extraction technique that aims to improve well productivity by pumping fracturing fluids containing a mixture of water, other chemicals, and sand, into an oil or gas well under high pressure. Public opposition to hydraulic fracturing has led to bans and proposed bans on the practice in many American cities and towns. The Town of Dryden, New York, enacted an amendment to its zoning ordinance prohibiting all oil and gas exploration and production within its boundaries. New York state law regulates the oil, gas, and solution mining industry, and the state statute contains a supersession clause that preempts local regulation of these industries. In Wallach v. Town of Dryden, the New York Court of Appeals held the zoning ordinance was a valid regulation of land use, rather than a regulation of the oil and gas industry, and that state law did not preempt the zoning ordinance. This Note examines Wallach v. Town of Dryden in light of the risks and benefits of hydraulic fracturing and prior New York statutes and case law. It explains the hydraulic fracturing process and its history, and explains the approaches Colorado and Pennsylvania have taken to supersession. It also explains the New York statutes and case law relating to municipal authority to regulate land use, and the New York statute regulating the oil and gas industries. Finally, this Note argues the court correctly interpreted precedent in a way that maintains municipal authority to regulate land use while preserving the legislature’s authority to regulate industry, resulting in an appropriate balance of state and local authority that serves public policy. This Note concludes by urging Illinois courts to follow the example set in Wallach v. Town of Dryden when deciding cases challenging local ordinances prohibiting hydraulic fracturing

    A Matrixial Museum: Education in Almost-impossible Spaces

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    This paper is meant to scaffold an imaginary space for what is currently an almost impossible museum. It would reside on a border between Gaza and Israel. Artists and participants would be able to enter from both sides of the border into a circular and cavernous space to make, share and experience art together. In artwork that values its relational capacity to affect another, the move from aesthetics to ethics recalls our mutual place of origin understood in Bracha L. Ettinger’s Matrixial Theory (EMT) as “the matrixial womb.” Griselda Pollock’s Virtual Feminist Museum, Gur-Ze’ev’s counter-education, feminist pedagogy, and Art-care activism provide some strategies of unlearning in order to circumvent traditional institutions of education on either side of the border of Palestine and Israel. A collaborative image between Izhar Patkin and Shirin Neshat created for the human rights group “Witness” in 2005 is evaluated for its matrixial and Art-care potential. People who are Israeli and Palestinian have been coping for too long under oppressive social and political structures that cannot admit the other. As the war wages, and the eye of the storm rages above all our heads, community engagement in creative processes can open a language for liberatory possibilities. The goal is to usher symbols into new narratives that currently remain foreclosed from contemporary political or educational discourses. Nurtured in the matrixial sphere, from the womb born back into the world, could there be a deeper undercurrent that begins to imagine almost-impossible spaces and futures together

    Second Guessing Second Chances: The Relationship Convicted Offense and Sociodemographic Factors Have on Employment Outcomes for the Justice-Impacted

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    A conviction is a ramification that extends beyond the correctional facility. An extensive amount of research has explored the barriers the justice-impacted experience once they are released from prison. One of the most immediate and impactful barriers is their ability to secure employment, due to it being quintessential in reducing their likelihood to recidivate and engage in illegal activity post-release. While much research has specifically focused on former prisoners’ ability to secure employment post-release, very limited researched exists that examines how convicted offense impacts employment. Utilizing the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) multi-site impact evaluation as its secondary dataset, the present study aimed to explore the impact violent offenses (non-sex), sex offenses, white-collar offenses, property offenses, drug offenses, and confounding sociodemographic factors have on securing employment three months post-incarceration. This study hypothesized there is a significant association between employment status and convicted offenses/convicted offense types among the justice-impacted, even when accounting for confounding sociodemographic factors. Through binary logistic regression analysis and multiple imputations, the results from the study reveal statistical significance for the relationship between convicted offenses (assault, car theft, drug dealing, drug possession, and forgery), convicted offense types (drug and white-collar), and confounding sociodemographic factors (age, education, and race) with employment 3 months post-incarceration. It is hoped these results reveal how stifling deficits are to securing employment for the justice-impacted, and the need for further policy and programming application to decrease these challenges

    Masthead - Vol 40, Winter 2015

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    Black Hawk War: The White Man’s Acceleration to the West

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