Cyber Warfare Strategies in the Russia-Ukraine Conflict (2021-2022): Implications for National Security and Modern Warfare

This study examines the cyber warfare strategies employed during the 2021-2022 conflict between Russia and Ukraine, focusing on how technological developments in information and communication have influenced this aspect of modern warfare. The conflict escalated as Russia viewed Ukraine's desire to join NATO as a significant threat, leading to a mix of military and non-military strategies, including extensive cyber attacks. Using a descriptive qualitative method, this research analyzes the cyber warfare strategies through the lens of state security, national interest, and cyber security theories. The findings highlight that both Russia and Ukraine utilized Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks and hacker groups to damage and disable governmental systems, aiming to disrupt communication and weaken the opponent with minimal costs. Russia's advanced cyber capabilities made Ukraine a vulnerable target, resulting in widespread cyber assaults impacting both civilian and governmental infrastructures. The study concludes that cyber warfare has emerged as a pivotal strategy in modern conflicts, with effects comparable to traditional military tactics. The Russia-Ukraine conflict underscores how cyber strategies can be used to achieve national interests and demonstrates the growing importance of cyber security in contemporary warfare. This conflict also serves as a warning to other nations regarding the vulnerabilities in their cyber defenses

Rancang Bangun Virtual Tour Reality Menggunakan Pannelum Panorama Viewer

Kemajuan teknologi di era digital saat ini telah membuka peluang besar dalam pengembangan aplikasi berbasis virtual reality (VR) yang dapat digunakan di berbagai sektor, termasuk pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun Virtual Tour Reality di instansi pendidikan yaitu gedung jurusan TIK Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe dan SMK N 5 Lhokseumawe dengan memanfaatkan Pannellum Panorama Viewer, sebuah pustaka JavaScript open-source untuk menampilkan gambar panorama. Dengan adanya virtual tour ini, pengguna, khususnya  calon visitor, dapat mengeksplorasi lingkungan secara interaktif tanpa harus hadir secara fisik. Pengembangan virtual tour ini dilakukan dengan metode pengumpulan data, yang meliputi pengambilan gambar panorama di berbagai titik lokasi strategis dalam kampus dan sekolah, integrasi dengan Pannellum untuk menampilkan gambar dalam bentuk panorama interaktif, serta pengujian untuk memastikan fungsionalitas dan user experience yang optimal. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu institusi pendidikan dalam meningkatkan daya tarik dan memberikan pengalaman yang lebih imersif kepada calon visitor, terutama di era di mana mobilitas fisik terbatas

TANGGUNG JAWAB PEMILIK USAHA AYAM TERNAK TERHADAP PEMUKIMAN SETEMPAT BERDASARKAN PERSPEKTIF KUH PERDATA

Chicken farming is a business that many people pursue. The existence of livestock chicken businesses located aroud residential areas definitely has a lot of impacts on the environment, both positive and negative impacts, such as the livestock chicken business in Geulima Jaya village which has an impact on the local community. Article 1368 of the civil code states that a person is not only responsible for losses caused by the actions of people, goods and animals that are his or her responsibility. The writing of this thesis aims to find out about the impact of the responsibilities of livestock chiken bisiness owners on local settlements based on the perspective of the civil code (research  in Geulima Jaya village) as well asefforts to resolve disputes that occur between the community and livestock chiken businees owners in Geulima Jaya village. This research use empirical juridical research methods and types and types of research in descriptive analysis, namely by conducting research using a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through field research and literature. The results of this research show that the impact of the responsibility of livestock business owners on local settlements based on the perspective of the Civil Code can be said that the owner of the livestock chicken business has taken several steps to reduce the impact of the business such as odors and flies, but the community still feels objections because it is considered that they are still not optimal in in terms of reducing waste odors and preventing existing flies. the resolving efforts are made by giving warnings/directions to business owners to maintain the cleanliness of the environment and as well as holding deliberations involving Geulima Jaya village officials, chicken business owners and the Geulima Jaya village community. However, these efforts have not completely resolved the existing disputes

The Effect of Using Katuk Leaves (Sauropus Androgynus (L) Merr) As A Substitute for ZA (Ammonium Sulfate) on the Yield, Thickness, Color, Texture, and Organoleptic of Nata De Whey

Utilization of cheese waste, namely whey, is one alternative to increase the added value of whey by processing it into nata de whey. This study aims to determine the effect of using Katuk leaves (Sauropus androgynus (L) Merr) as a substitute for ZA (Ammonium Sulfate) on the yield, thickness, color, texture, and organoleptic of Nata de whey.  This study used 8 liters of whey and Katuk leaves (Sauropus androgynus (L) Merr) as much as 600 g.  The experimental design used in this study, namely the Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four treatments and five repetitions.  The treatment in this study was A = 0.5% ZA, Katuk leaves (B = 5%, C = 10%, and D = 15%). The observed variables were yield, thickness, color, texture, and organoleptic.  The results showed that the treatment differed significantly (P<0.05) in yield, thickness, color, texture, and organoleptic.  The best treatment result is treatment B with a yield value of 91.94%, thickness of 7.77 mm, lightness (L*) 59.17, greenness (a*) -4.16, yellowness (b*) 7.52, texture 5.25 N/cm2, organoleptic color 3.90, scent 3.58, taste 3.82, texture 3.78

Penerapan Model UTAUT pada Penggunaan E-SKP Pegawai Kecamatan di Nagan Raya

district employees in Nagan Raya Regency using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The sample of this study was 354 sub-district employees who filled out the research questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method to test the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. The results showed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions had a significant effect on behavioral intention to use e-SKP. Performance expectancy was the strongest predictor, followed by social influence, facilitating conditions, and effort expectancy. In addition, behavioral intention had a significant effect on the use behavior of e-SKP. The findings of this study confirm the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model in the context of implementing e-SKP on sub-district employees in Nagan Raya Regency. The implication is that Performance expectancy Effort expectancy moderated by gender, Social influence moderated by gender, age, experience and voluntariness of use affect behavioral intention. Furthermore, facilitating conditions moderated by age and experience and behavioral intention influence use behavior.Kata kunci: UTAUT, e-SKP, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, behavioral intention, use behavior

PENGARUH PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 60/PUU-XXII/2024 TERHADAP KEKHUSUSAN PARTAI POLITIK LOKAL ACEH DALAM PILKADA 2024

Law No. 11/2006 on the Governance of Aceh (UUPA) addresses only the nomination thresholds for local political parties. However, Qanun Aceh No. 12/2016 has standardized the nomination threshold for regional heads from national political parties to 15%, which conflicts with Indonesian Law No. 10/2016. The Constitutional Court Decision No. 60/PUU-XXII/2024, which reduced the threshold percentage, has resulted in a loss of specificity for local political parties in Aceh. This research aims to analyze the impact of the Constitutional Court Decision on local elections in Aceh, address the normative conflicts between local and higher regulations, elucidate the hierarchy of legislation, and propose solutions. The research employs a normative juridical method, using secondary data obtained from literature. Findings indicate that the regulation of national political parties should be governed by national laws and their derivative regulations to avoid normative conflicts, while the regulation of local political parties can be managed through regional regulations such as qanun. To resolve normative conflicts, preventive measures include harmonizing laws and regulations, while repressive measures involve either the annulment of qanun by the government or material testing by the Supreme Court and Constitutional Court concerning UUPA (Aceh Special Autonomy Law)

Sosialisasi Penanggulangan Bencana Perspekti Islam Dalam Meningkatkan Kepedulian Mahasiswa terhadap Lingkungan

Islam as the religion of rahmatan lil a'alamin has a unique concept in disaster management and is different in disaster management based on contemporary concepts in the initial steps in responding to disasters. Understanding the concept of disaster management is a very important aspect to maintain environmental balance by reducing disaster risk. The aim of this service activity is to increase students' knowledge and skills regarding disaster management from a contemporary and Islamic perspective, as well as increasing students' awareness of the environment as an effort to reduce disaster risk. This effort is carried out by carrying out socialization activities on disaster management from an Islamic perspective to make students care about the environment. Based on the results of this socialization activity, participants understood the material presented by 85%. Socialization about disaster management from an Islamic perspective can be a solution to the weaknesses of disaster management in contemporary concepts

Representation of Luxury Lifestyle in Property Billboard Advertisements: A Critical Analysis

In the world of property marketing, advertising serves as the main tool to attract the attention of potential buyers. Advertisements not only offer products, but also promote the lifestyle attached to these products. This research aims to explore how the representation of luxury lifestyles in property advertisements can influence audience perceptions and aspirations, as well as how advertisements reflect and shape social reality in society. This is a qualitative research. The data in this study are verbal and visual aspects contained in outdoor billboard advertisements with the type of property advertisement. The results of this study indicate that the representation of a luxurious lifestyle in property advertisements is realized through verbal aspects and visual aspects. Based on the structure of property advertisements, the visual components include: (1) lead, (2) display, and (3) emblem. Meanwhile, the verbal or linguistic components include: (1) announcement, (2) reinforcement, (3) emblem, (4) tag, and (5) contact and visit information. property billboards function not just as advertisements but as representations of an aspirational lifestyle, inviting viewers to imagine themselves as part of this exclusive world

Penggunaan Sistem Hidrolik Untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Energi dan Performa Operasional

This study examines the use of hydraulic systems in industrial equipment to improve energy efficiency and operational performance. Through a systematic literature review approach, this research analyzes various aspects of hydraulic system implementation in the context of modern industry. The results show that hydraulic systems offer significant advantages in terms of energy efficiency, with potential fuel savings of up to 40% and energy recovery efficiency reaching 53%. Various optimization strategies, including displacement control and implementation of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), prove effective in enhancing system performance. However, challenges such as high initial costs and the need for skilled labor still need to be addressed. Sustainability aspects are also a focus, with the use of bio-based hydraulic fluids that can reduce the carbon footprint by up to 30%. This study concludes that a deep understanding of the trade-offs between the benefits and challenges of hydraulic systems is crucial for effective and safe implementation across various industrial contexts. This research contributes significantly to the current understanding of the potential and challenges of using hydraulic systems to improve energy efficiency and operational performance in the industrial sector.Keywords— Hydraulic Systems, Energy Efficiency, Operational Performanc

SIKAP DAN KEPERCAYAAN MAHASISWA UNMUHA TERHADAP BELANJA ONLINE PADA E-COMMERCE LAZADA

ABSTRAKThis study aims to determine the effect of Relative Advantage, And Perceived Web Quality Toward Attitudes Online Shopping with Trust as Mediating Variable. The Methods of This study used a questionnaire as a research instrument. Purposive sampling was used as the sampling technique in this research. This technique puts the specific criteria in the sampling. Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) is used to determine the effect of mediation involved. SPSS 22 is used to analyze data.               The results of this research indicate that the relative advantage had significant and negative effect on trust college student of UNMUHA Student  and attitude toward online shopping, perceived web quality and trust had significantly positive effect on trust college student of UNMUHA Student and  attitude towards online shopping. For mediating variabel, relative advantage and perceived web quality had a significant effect on attitude toward online shopping fully mediated by trust UNMUHA Student in Lazada.Keywords: Attitude Online Shopping, Relatife Advantage, Perceived Web Quality, Trust, College student of UNMUHA, Lazada ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari Keunggulan Relatif, dan Persepsi Kualitas Web Terhadap Sikap Belanja Online dengan Kepercayaan sebagai variabel mediasi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner sebagai instrumen penelitian. Purposive Sampling digunakan sebagai teknik pengambilan sampel. Teknik ini menempatkan kriteria khusus dalam pengambilan sampel. Metode Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) digunakan sebagai metode analisis untuk mengetahui pengaruh mediasi yang terlibat. SPSS 22 digunakan untuk menganalisis data.              Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keunggulan relatif berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kepercayaan dan sikap belanja online mahasiswa UNMUHA, kualitas web yang dirasakan oleh mahasiswa UNMUHA serta kepercayaan memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap sikap mahasiswa UNMUHA terhadap belanja online. Untuk variabel mediasi, keunggulanan relatif dan kualitas web yang dirasakan mahasiswa memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap sikap terhadap belanja online dan sepenuhnya dimediasi oleh kepercayaan mahasiswa Unmuha terhadap Lazada.Kata Kunci: Sikap Belanja Online, Keunggulan Relatif, Persepsi Kualitas Web, Kepercayaan, Mahasiswa UNMUHA, Lazad