LID Approach to Railway Track Drainage: Determination of Heavy Metal Content in the Embankment of Railway

Along with the increase in global pollution, every part of the urban system, including facilities for the transport of people and goods, is becoming increasingly interesting for the study. The first serious research into the impact of railway traffic on the environment appeared after the year 2000. So far, there have been few studies, the main shortcoming of which is a lack of understanding about pollutant migration. With this in mind, in this paper, an investigation and control of the railway track with regard to the presence, content and migration paths of heavy metals was provided. For the research purposes, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and optical emission spectrometry with induced coupled plasma were used. It was found that the maximum allowable values were exceeded for cadmium, cobalt, copper, zinc, nickel, vanadium, barium, chromium and iron. In the course of determining the amount of these elements in the railway track, there was also evidence of significant metal infiltration into the lower layers. This indicated the ability of heavy metals to migrate, even through mechanically compacted soil. Detailed knowledge of these issues is of huge importance, which enables the selection of adequate techniques to prevent the migration of heavy metals into the lower layers of the ground and the surrounding soil, among which the elements of Low Impact Development technology stand out in recent years, which could find a very wide and effective application in railway engineering

Age-friendly Transport: Traffic Safety for All

The elderly make up an increasing percentage of the European population and, with it, of the Hungarian population. Modern society is built around mobility. These two factors together lead to an increasing proportion of elderly drivers on the roads. Given the high proportion of people with chronic neurological conditions (stroke, Parkinson's disease, dementia), particular care should be taken to regularly check their fitness to drive. At present, there is no standardized, well-established protocol for the objective assessment of fitness to drive in the case of these diseases. Our paper discusses this matter

Sustainability pillars in the strategic plans of European Union national libraries

This study aims to investigate the integration of sustainability principles into the strategic plans of national libraries within the European Union (EU-27). Content analysis was conducted on 22 strategic plans of national libraries to identify chapters, sections, or objectives explicitly mentioning sustainability, as well as keywords related to the four pillars of sustainability: environmental, economic, social and cultural. The analysis revealed varying degrees of emphasis on sustainability across the national libraries. The findings provide valuable guidance for national libraries seeking to strengthen their commitment to sustainable development and align their operations with global sustainability goals.This study aims to investigate the integration of sustainability principles into the strategic plans of national libraries within the European Union (EU-27). Content analysis was conducted on 22 strategic plans of national libraries to identify chapters, sections, or objectives explicitly mentioning sustainability, as well as keywords related to the four pillars of sustainability: environmental, economic, social and cultural. The analysis revealed varying degrees of emphasis on sustainability across the national libraries. The findings provide valuable guidance for national libraries seeking to strengthen their commitment to sustainable development and align their operations with global sustainability goals

Vörös és barna: adalékok az európai diktatúrák könyvtárainak történetéhez (Szovjetunió, Német Birodalom, Magyar Népköztársaság) – recenzió

Könyvismertető Sonnevend, Péter (2024) Vörös és barna: adalékok az európai diktatúrák könyvtárainak történetéhez (Szovjetunió, Német Birodalom, Magyar Népköztársaság), Kovács, Katalin, Rácz, Ágnes (szerk.), Budapest, Gondolat Kiadó, ISBN: 978 963 556 529 0Könyvismertető Sonnevend, Péter (2024) Vörös és barna: adalékok az európai diktatúrák könyvtárainak történetéhez (Szovjetunió, Német Birodalom, Magyar Népköztársaság), Kovács, Katalin, Rácz, Ágnes (szerk.), Budapest, Gondolat Kiadó, ISBN: 978 963 556 529

The Characteristics of Road Crashes on Indonesian National Roads Based on Integrated Road Safety Management System Data

The issue of traffic crashes in Indonesia continues to be a significant concern. In 2019, a total of 116,441 crashes were reported, resulting in 30,568 fatalities. Access to accurate data is crucial in lowering the fatality rate. The data were analyzed descriptively, categorized by crash type, and evaluated based on road configuration, geometric type, and surface conditions. The most frequent types of crashes on Indonesian national roads are rear-end crashes (25.64%), head-on crashes (21.95%), crashes at intersections (20.50%), pedestrian hit-and-runs (12.65%), and head-to-side crashes (8.01%). Head-on crashes showed correlation with undivided road, meanwhile rear-end crashes is more likely to occur on multi-lane roads. Predominantly, the crashes occurred on 2-lane 2-way undivided roads (54.28%), straight-aligned roads (81.36%), and roads with good surface conditions (94.92%). This crash data can serve as a foundation for formulating policies and initiatives aimed at enhancing road safety

Bibliometric Analysis of Key Issues and Objectives in Environmental, Economic, and Social Sustainable Project Management

The environmental, economic, and social sustainability of construction project management was researched through a literature review in this study. This paper aimed to analyze the trends in studies about issues in sustainable project management and to research the importance and components of environmental, economic, and social sustainability and their interrelationships. In the scope of the bibliometric analysis, the articles were analyzed by their publication years, authors, authors' countries, authors' organizations, and keyword occurrences. Then, the problems in ensuring the sustainability of construction project management and suggestions for overcoming these problems were reviewed. In previous studies, high energy and raw material consumption and waste became the main factors that prevented environmental sustainability. A strong relationship was found between economic sustainability and life cycle cost assessment, and effective stakeholder engagement is considered the major contributor to the social sustainability of construction management. Sustainability regulations and policies, managerial capabilities, and organizational learning also have critical significance for achieving sustainable construction. The dimensions of sustainability in construction management are closely related to one another, and each one is crucial to achieving the other aspects of sustainability in construction projects. Therefore, a comprehensive strategy that takes into account social, economic, and environmental sustainability criteria should be adopted in construction project management

An Escalation System for Handling and Analyzing Production Disturbances

In a manufacturing environment the effectiveness of internal problem solving is a key success factor in the service level performance offered to the customers. Broken internal processes need to be fixed immediately or at least in a very short time, in order to fulfill the committed delivery dates. There are several methodologies applied for internal problem solving used by different companies. This article presents a solution worked out for a plant operating in a high-mix low-volume (HMLV) production environment prone to both internal and external disruptions and disturbances. Principles, architecture and information flow in our digitized disruption handling – so-called escalation – system will be shortly discussed. Lessons learned in a six-year’s period of using the system will also be summarized. The recorded data confirm that with the introduction of the escalation system the capability of the plant to adapt to changing circumstances and disruptions greatly improved

The European Union's Global Goods Transport and Trade Relations and their Implications

Trade and transit have always played an important and prominent role in the life of humanity. Trade was already of great importance in ancient times, and the Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes, with the invention of the steam engine revolutionising transport and allowing goods to be transported not only in response to seasonal needs (e.g. after harvest, harvesting, etc.). The development of waterways and railways, in addition to roads, made it possible to transport goods over long distances more easily and quickly. From this point onwards, goods were constantly moved for trade by the various modes of transport, giving rise to the development of transport as a new service industry. All these processes played an integral role in developing the supply chains and trade routes we know today. In the present research, to map global trade trends and linkages, the trade relations between the European Union, China and the USA were first examined, and then, using correlation analysis and linear regression, the typical economic and trade indicators in the European Union were analysed

Oscillatory Potential-based Characterization of the Human Light-adapted Electroretinogram Using Discrete Wavelet Transform

Purpose: Our aim was to apply multiple discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) types to healthy light-adapted (cone) electroretinogram (ERG) signals in order to optimize DWT analysy in ERG. Oscillatory potentials (OP) were individually extracted from the signals and used to calculate an indicator for ERG analysis.Methods: Light-adapted (LA) 3.0 cd.s/m2 ISCEV standard ERGs were recorded from both eyes of 15 healthy volunteers (mean age: 36.9 ± 13.0 years old; 13 females). LA ERG signal components, such as b-wave and OPs, were analyzed using the discrete wavelet transformation (DWT). An index (%OPi) was proposed to estimate the individual oscillatory potentials (OP1-OP5) by calculating the coefficient ratio of the OP to b-wave. Multiple mother wavelet functions (i.e., Daubechies, Symlet, and Coiflet) with five orders were applied and compared statistically using Wilcoxon tests and paired t-test comparisons with Bonferroni posthoc analyses (p < 0.005). Results: OP4 shows the most energy at both low and high-frequency bands (80Hz and 160Hz), while OP2 has lower energy at the low-frequency band (80Hz) and higher energy at the high-frequency band (160Hz). The %OP2 is the largest among the five individual OPs. %OPs obtained with different wavelet functions differ from each other. Db2 and sym2 seem to be the optimal wavelets for analyzing light-adapted ERG components.Conclusion: Individual OPs of the light-adapted ERG obtained with the DWT analysis may characterize different levels of retinal dysfunction. The %OPi may serve as an indicator in ERG analysis