Persistence and Evolution of \u3cem\u3ePseudomonas aeruginosa\u3c/em\u3e Following Initiation of Highly Effective Modulator Therapy in Cystic Fibrosis

Today, more than 90% of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) are eligible for the highly effective cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapy called elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) and its use is widespread. Given the drastic respiratory symptom improvement experienced by many post-ETI, clinical studies are already underway to reduce the number of respiratory therapies, including antibiotic regimens, that pwCF historically relied on to combat lung disease progression. Early studies suggest that bacterial burden in the lungs is reduced post-ETI, yet it is unknown how chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa populations are impacted by ETI. We found that pwCF remain infected throughout their upper and lower respiratory tract with their same strain of P. aeruginosa post-ETI, and these strains continue to evolve in response to the newly CFTR-corrected airway. Our work underscores the continued importance of CF airway microbiology in the new era of highly effective CFTR modulator therapy

SELF-EFFICACY AND STUDENT SUPPORT PROGRAMS IMPACT ON CAMPUS EXPERIENCES: A STUDY OF FIRST-GENERATION COLLEGE STUDENTS

ABSTRACT SELF-EFFICACY AND STUDENT SUPPORT PROGRAMS IMPACT ON CAMPUS EXPERIENCES: A STUDY OF FIRST-GENERATION COLLEGE STUDENTS First-generation college students’ degree attainment is far below their continuing generation peers (Whitely et al., 2018). This study aims to offer institutions of higher education better insight into how to provide support to be more effective in retaining first-generation college students. This explanatory sequential mixed methods study examines how first-generation sophomores and juniors with low and high self-efficacy who are either participating in or not participating in formal student support programming experience different institutional interactions meant to support them while at their institution. Quantitative results from the College Self-Efficacy Inventory (Solberg, 1993) were used to purposely select participants to interview for the qualitative portion of this study. Bean and Eaton’s (2001) Psychological Model of College Student Retention was used as the theoretical framework to investigate students’ experiences. The themes that emerged from this study were sense of belonging, support systems, and agency. All students felt a sense of belonging when they saw themselves represented on campus and felt people cared about them, with support programs providing intentional representation for students in these programs. Support systems varied for high and low self-efficacy students, with students in support programs having built in support systems and those not in support programs seeking out support on campus. All high self-efficacy students and some low self-efficacy students demonstrated a high sense of agency. Overall, the interactions students had with advisors were positive, the interactions with instructors varied, the academic interactions with peers were not positive, while the social interactions with peers were positive. Recommendations for institutions of higher education include providing structured spaces, programs, and events designed for first-generation college students, adequately training faculty and staff to support first-generation college students, implementing holistic support systems for first-generation college students, and implementing parent-specific outreach and programming for first-generation college students’ parents. Recommendations for further research include interviewing first-generation college students from different types of institutions, comparing experiences of students that persist and do no persist to year two and year three, and look at first-generation students’ self-efficacy and experiences over their time at the university

The Mental Health Management of Individuals in Sex Work

ABSTRACT: This dissertation examines the mental health implications and experiences of individuals engaged in sex work, employing a constructivist grounded theory approach to explore the nuanced realities of this marginalized population. Through in-depth interviews with sex workers, this study reveals the complex interplay of positive aspects (enjoyment and empowerment), and the negative (severe risks faced by individuals in this field, including verbal abuse, physical violence, and sexual assault). The findings underscore the critical need for a holistic and nuanced understanding of sex work, challenging prevalent stereotypes and emphasizing the importance of ongoing consent, communication, and respect for sex workers\u27 boundaries. Participants in this study represented a diverse group of individuals in sex work. Gender identities for participants included cisgender women, transgender woman, and agender. Participants engaged in a range of forms of sex work including prostitution, phone sex services, exotic dancing/stripping, among other forms. 90% of participants identified as black/African American with 10% identifying as white/Caucasian. In accordance with grounded theory, participants had the opportunity to review transcripts, and make additions if needed. The transcripts were then analyzed by the dissertation team via initial coding, focused coding, and theoretical coding. Constant comparative methods and memo-writing were employed by the dissertation team. The implications for practice and policy are shared, including suggestions that mental health practitioners should adopt a trauma-informed approach and that policymakers should prioritize the decriminalization of sex work. The integration of sexuality courses in mental health graduate programs is also proposed to enhance understanding and support for this population. Future research directions are identified, emphasizing the need for longitudinal studies on mental health outcomes, resilience factors, and the impact of legal and cultural contexts on sex workers\u27 well-being. This dissertation contributes to the burgeoning discourse on sex work and mental health, advocating for comprehensive, inclusive, and culturally competent approaches to support the well-being, agency, and rights of sex workers. It calls for a reevaluation of societal, legal, and healthcare practices to better accommodate the needs of individuals engaged in sex work, urging a shift towards more equitable and inclusive mental health support systems

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unnamed untitled, 2024 Fandom: Andrew Wyeth Oil on canvas 6 x 6 in Collection of the artist Rating: General Audiences Tags: (none provided)Creator\u27s notes: Waiting provokes a response of stasis and isolation that exists somewhere between consciousness and the dream world

VISIBLE-LIGHT-DRIVEN REACTIONS FROM A SIX-COORDINATE NICKEL(II) COMPLEX

Transition metal complexes capable of absorbing visible light can be excited upon light irradiation and facilitate chemical bond formation and cleavage. In this approach, a transition metal-substrate complex is formed in the ground state, followed by photoinduced substrate activation via an inner-sphere mechanism. Unlike well-established photoredox catalysis that does not involve substrate binding, the ground-state interaction here is important for substrate activation. Among the 3d transition metals, nickel is considered a cost-effective alternative to Ru- and Ir-based photocatalysts due to its ability to accommodate different oxidation states. However, the application of Ni photocatalysis in synthesis had remained largely underexplored. In 2018, the Doyle group showcased a light-induced Ni(II) aryl bond homolysis as a key step in a Ni-catalyzed C-O cross-coupling reaction. This discovery ignited significant interest in advancing the use of nickel in visible-light-driven organic synthesis. In this study, we synthesized six-coordinate Ni(eba)2(bpy) and Ni(eaa)2(bpy) complexes (eba: ethyl benzoyl acetate, eaa: ethyl acetoacetate, bpy: 2,2’-bipyridine). For further studies, we also prepared a series of Ni(eba)2(bpy) complexes by electronically varying the 4,4’-substituents of bipyridine (H, OCH3, tert-butyl, Br) and the para substituent of the phenyl group in the eba (OCH3, Br). These Ni complexes were characterized by spectroscopic methods (UV/Vis, NMR, IR), elemental analysis, melting point measurement, and X-ray crystallography. In efforts to test the photoreactivity of the eaa/eba ligand, both complexes were found to be reactive with PhSSPh under light conditions. Two possible reaction pathways include the formation of a Ni-SPh bond and excited-state hydrogen atom transfer to form thiophenol. Light-driven ligand dissociation has also been investigated for Ni(eba)2(bpy). Finally, the photoreactivity with different nitrogen and oxygen nucleophiles was tested, and C-O and C-N bond-forming products were observed. These findings will likely advance our fundamental understanding of Ni-based visible-light-driven reactions and provide a mechanistic foundation for developing catalytic carbon-heteroatom bond-forming reactions. Transition metal complexes capable of absorbing visible light can be excited upon light irradiation and facilitate chemical bond formation and cleavage. In this approach, a transition metal-substrate complex is formed in the ground state, followed by photoinduced substrate activation via an inner-sphere mechanism. Unlike well-established photoredox catalysis that does not involve substrate binding, the ground-state interaction here is important for substrate activation. Among the 3d transition metals, nickel is considered a cost-effective alternative to Ru- and Ir-based photocatalysts due to its ability to accommodate different oxidation states. However, the application of Ni photocatalysis in synthesis had remained largely underexplored. In 2018, the Doyle group showcased a light-induced Ni(II) aryl bond homolysis as a key step in a Ni-catalyzed C-O cross-coupling reaction. This discovery ignited significant interest in advancing the use of nickel in visible-light-driven organic synthesis. In this study, we synthesized six-coordinate Ni(eba)2(bpy) and Ni(eaa)2(bpy) complexes (eba: ethyl benzoyl acetate, eaa: ethyl acetoacetate, bpy: 2,2’-bipyridine). For further studies, we also prepared a series of Ni(eba)2(bpy) complexes by electronically varying the 4,4’-substituents of bipyridine (H, OCH3, tert-butyl, Br) and the para substituent of the phenyl group in the eba (OCH3, Br). These Ni complexes were characterized by spectroscopic methods (UV/Vis, NMR, IR), elemental analysis, melting point measurement, and X-ray crystallography. In efforts to test the photoreactivity of the eaa/eba ligand, both complexes were found to be reactive with PhSSPh under light conditions. Two possible reaction pathways include the formation of a Ni-SPh bond and excited-state hydrogen atom transfer to form thiophenol. Light-driven ligand dissociation has also been investigated for Ni(eba)2(bpy). Finally, the photoreactivity with different nitrogen and oxygen nucleophiles was tested, and C-O and C-N bond-forming products were observed. These findings will likely advance our fundamental understanding of Ni-based visible-light-driven reactions and provide a mechanistic foundation for developing catalytic carbon-heteroatom bond-forming reactions

Figure 5

control CG network+Dcp-1 raw image files. They are in .nd2 format- Fig 5(a-d) mutant CG network+Dcp-1 raw image files. They are in .nd2 format- Fig 5(e-h) pie charts were made in the .doc file by taking the average percentage of DAPI stained cells- Fig 5(i-j) Number of DAPI stained cells in control and mutant brains plotted in graph and stat analysis included in prism file.- Fig 5k Object based analysis of control and mutant brains plotted in graph and stat analysis included in prism file.- Fig 5l All the imageJ calculations are also attached