EVALUATION OF MODIFIED AGGLUTINATION TEST AND ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY IN DETECTION OF Toxoplasma gondii ANTIBODY IN HUMAN SERA

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis of high prevalence around the world, leading to serious congenital alterations and in immune compromised individuals. Its diagnosis is based in the detection of serum antibodies. This work aimed to compare serum antibody to Toxoplasma gondii detection by ELISA for IgG antibodies, and the MAT with the results of IFAT. From 73 samples examined by IgG-IFAT, 53 (72.6%) were positive, IgG-ELISA 55 (75.4%) and MAT, 58 (79.4%).  No significative differences among results of tests are found. MAT shows high sensibility (100%) and lower specificity (75%), there were not false-negative results, but showed false-positives (25%). ELISA showed sensibility of 98.1% and specificity of 85,0%, false-negative rate of 1.9% and false-positive rate of 15.0%. MAT performance, when compared with IFAT, suggests the utilization of this method in diagnostic and epidemiological preliminary tests, besides ELISA has been used as a confirmatory test, for its specificity

A new concept of Brazilian Jurisdiction in the 21th century

The change in the posture of the jurisdiction in the 21th century has consequently allowed a rethinking a rethinking of its concept as well as a rethinking of concept of lawsuit. The narrow connection between the jurisdiction and the protection of the Fundamental Rights and Social Inclusion describes the new concept of jurisdiction

Parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos de ratos submetidos à dieta hipoprotéica e hipercalórica

A má-nutrição é um problema de saúde pública que ainda assola crianças e adultos no mundo inteiro, principalmente em países em desenvolvimento. A carência de proteínas, causando Kwashiorkor, é o tipo de má-nutrição mais prevalente, pois fontes de alimentos protéicos, geralmente, são mais onerosas. Uma dieta hipoprotéica causa alterações metabólicas num animal em intensidades diretamente proporcionais ao nível de depleção de proteínas, bem como o tempo em que o indivíduo permanece sob o estado de subnutrição. Nesse sentido, propõe-se avaliar a severidade de uma dieta hipoprotéica a 4% para ratos jovens. Utilizam-se 30 ratos Wistar (90 dias de idade), divididos em grupo controle (15) e experimental (15). O GC recebeu dieta nor0moprotéica, enquanto o GE recebeu dieta com 4% de teor de proteínas, ambos durante 12 semanas. No fi nal do experimento, sangue foi coletado para realização de hemograma e dosagem de atividade de fosfatase alcalina, alanina aminotrasferase, além da concentração de proteínas totais e frações, colesterol total, triglicerídeos, uréia, ácido úrico, T3, T4 e aminoácidos plasmáticos. Os animais do GE demonstraram menor atividade defosfatase alcalina no sangue, anemia microcítica normocrômica, hipoproteinemia, hipoglobulinemia, reduação na concentração plasmática de triglicerídeos, aumento da concentração plasmática de T3 e T4 e diminuição da concentração plasmática dos seguintes aminoácidos: metionina, fenilalanina, valina, leucina e isoleucina

MEDETOMIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY IN GUINEA PIG (Cavia porcellus), IN DOSES ESTIMATED THROUGH ALLOMETRIC EXTRAPOLATION

In this study, medetomidine hydrochloride, an alfa2 adrenergic receptor agonist, was administered to five adult guinea pigs (three males and two females) to verify the efficiency and safety of using doses calculated by using an allometric scale. A surgical procedure was performed to insert a polyethylene cannula that advanced 2.0 to 2.5 cm into the left carotid artery until the aorta. A minimum recovery period of two days was observed before any other manipulation or pharmacological test were performed. The cannulas were washed every two days with heparinized saline flow and remained patent for two to three weeks after insertion. After surgery, each animal was placed in an open box measuring 45x25x20cm, in a quiet room with soft lighting. The “MS” group received exactly the allometrically calculated dose, while the “2MS” group received twice the allometric dose and the “½ MS” group received half the allometric dose. Parameters were measured and analyzed at 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after injection. Body mass was 709.6±169g, 742±172.87g and 710±160.2g for groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Body temperature was 101.68±0.19ºF; respiratory rate was 85.2±4.54 strokes per minute; heart rate was 297.13±3.46 beats per minute; PaO2 at 81.7±9.43mmHg; PaCO2 at 34.49±1.59mmHg; pH was measured at 7.41±0.07; hematocrit at 38.4±1.31%; total protein was 4.33±0.29g/dL, glucose was measured at 97.13±3.75mg/dL; systolic blood pressure was 85.53±2.50mmHg; diastolic pressure at 7.,40±3.74mmHg; and mean blood pressure was 78.73±1.13mmHg. Straightening postural reaction was lost at 7.20±2.05, 12.80±3.56 and 8.67±3.06 minutes for groups “2MS, MS and ½ MS”, respectively. Awakening time was 53.80±7.19, 67.20±5.54 and 55.67±11.06 minutes for groups “2MS, MS and ½ MS”, respectively. For the MS group, chemical restraint was considered “excellent” with “poor” analgesia, and for the 2MS group, it was considered “good”, also with “poor” analgesia. This means these protocols should be used for painless procedures when immobilization is necessary. The ½ MS protocol is not suitable for chemical restraint in guinea pigs. This paper presents new results obtained from research conducted in 2000

CLINICAL AND HEMATOLOGICAL CHANGES IN SHEEP INDUCED BY Escherichia coli LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE

Organic response to infection is characterized by a systemic reaction known as acute phase response (APR). In order to know the effect of the administration of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on physiological, hematological and biochemical variables, 10 sheep weighing 45 ± 5 kg were divided in two groups: Experimental group treated with 3 doses of 1 μg.kg-1 LPS and control group treated with saline solution (SS) at the same frequency as experimental group. Body temperature (BT°), heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) were monitored. Blood samples for hemogram and enzyme activity for aspartate amino transferase (AST) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) were collected between 1 and 24 h post-LPS.LPS-treated sheep presented mean values of BT°, HR and RR higher than those observed in control sheep. At 4 and 8 hours post-injection (hpi) of LPS the leukocyte count was associated with lymphopenia, followed by leukocytosis at 24 hours. No changes were observed in the activity of AST and GGT enzymes. The results characterize APR induced by LPS in sheep, representing a useful model to study cardiovascular, hematological and biochemical responses to infection

MAIN AGENTS INVOLVED AND WAYS OF PREVENTING CONTAMINATION IN ANIMAL’S FEED INDUSTRY: REVIEW

The main physical, biological and chemical agents involved in cross-contamination are of known origin, generally harmful and toxic, who end up doing the director indirect contact with the nutrients used in the manufacture of feed for animals. The knowledge of the causes, differentiated forms of prevention and corrective actions, allow us to minimize losses in animal performance and, possible extra costs of production, by the need to prevent the spread of pests and damage to human health. Failures in monitoring of the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and of the system of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) for lack of trained personnel, or bad structural conditions in the physical context industry, are the main causes of the occurrence of cross-contamination. In this sense, diagnosing risks and controlling critical points in the production process are indispensable tools. In this way, the present review article aims to highlight the main forms of cross contamination in the animal feed industry and the care that must be taken at the factory to minimize cross-contamination

THE BRAZILIAN JUDICIAL PROTECTION OF THE SOCIAL INCLUSION

Once evidenced the Brazilian social exclusion, it is necessary to implement the public policies of social inclusion. So, the Judiciary Power presents itself as a protagonist of the rethinking of the Social Contract upon imposing the faithful execution of the budgetary law and consequently to reach the desired stability and continuity of the public politics of social inclusion

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