The Relationship Between Ownership and English Premier League Players’ Salaries

This paper looks into the relationship between professional soccer player wages and ownership characteristics. Previous research has shown that foreign owners invest more in their clubs but has not connected it to individual players’ wages. Previous player compensation models exist but have not incorporated advanced analytics or tied in the concept of MRP. Regression models have been calculated for club output, club revenue, and expected player wage. The expected player wage was then compared to MRP. These were then regressed with ownership characteristics. This paper has found that there is a statistically significant relationship between two ownership characteristics and player wages. In the future, player compensation models should tie in financial aspects to their models

How Does a Player\u27s Involvement in their National Team Given their Ethnicity affect their Market Valuation in the Top-Five Leagues?

ABSTRACT This paper investigates player involvement in national team and how it effects their market valuation as it relates to ethnicity. Previous research has evaluated other factors that affect player market valuation such as age and position. However, this paper seeks to see if there are discriminatory effects on player market pricing based on a player’s ethnic origins. The three ethnic regions of focus for this paper are South America, African, and Europe. The focus of this paper is to determine whether European players are favored in relation to the other two regions of the world. Regression models consider player age, position, national team representation, and ethnic origins. Findings suggest that there is no evidence for discrimination against African players in the transfer market in relation to European payers. Further, while South American players are generally more favored based on their style of play, when they decide to represent European national teams, there is evidence that they are discriminated against

Other Bodies and Their Other Worlds: Reimagining the Victorian Femme Fatale

This paper explores Victorian and contemporary challenges to the Victorian femme fatale by comparing Yorgos Lanthimos\u27 2023 film Poor Things with Emily Brontë\u27s Wuthering Heights and Vernon Lee\u27s Oke of Okehurst. It examines how each work constructs and deconstructs the figure of the femme fatale by placing their female protagonists in otherworldly settings that break the boundaries of conventional Victorian norms. Lanthimos\u27 film presents Bella Baxter as a liberated Other in a whimsical, fantastical world, contrasting with the tragic fates of Catherine Earnshaw and Alice Oke, who are grounded in realism despite their otherworldly settings. The paper\u27s analysis highlights the role of the otherworldly in achieving liberation and critiques the sanctioning and regulation of othered bodies. It uses Michel Foucault\u27s and Steven Marcus’s theories on Victorian sexuality as well as interpretations of medical discourse to contextualize Victorian societal constraints. The paper concludes by suggesting that the imaginative and liberated world of Poor Things challenges and expands upon the rigid archetypes established in 19th-century literature in a similar way as Brontë and Lee, yet does so through a lens of fantasy and comedy. While offering a critique of the film’s tone, the paper suggests that its disruption of the femme fatale trope is a continued move towards the liberation of the Other

The Impact of Abortion Shield Laws on Abortion Access in the United States

Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization (2022) ruled that abortion access is no longer constitutionally protected resulting in each state deciding who has access to an abortion. This thesis examines if laws that restrict abortion access are effective because one can travel from a state that bans abortion to a state that allows abortion to obtain an abortion procedure. Specifically, this paper investigates the relationship between the increase in travel cost to an abortion clinic located in state with enhanced legal protections—known as abortion shield laws—and U.S. Census variables. Using Gary Becker’s legal analysis model, an abortion seeker will always travel to a state with shield law protections since the probability of prosecution is 0%. This accounts for an abortion seekers’ willingness to pay the increased cost, but this does not consider an abortion seekers’ ability to pay. This thesis uses geographic information systems (GIS) to study the relationship between an increase in travel cost and access to a resource (e.g., ability to pay). This paper concludes laws that restrict abortion access are effective because they create excessive, undue barriers for women who are already economically disenfranchised due to a lack of insurance, education, income, and transportation

The Powerful Union of Emily Dickinson and Aaron Copland: Creation of Musical Silence through Transcendent Negation

This capstone paper delves into the remarkable success of Aaron Copland\u27s art song settings of Emily Dickinson\u27s poetry. Through detailed poetic and musical analysis, the paper examines the synergy between Dickinson\u27s poetic genius and Copland\u27s compositional mastery. It reveals how Copland\u27s musical interpretations successfully capture and amplify the essence of Dickinson\u27s poetic style and vision

Open Letters & Impersonal Forms: Diaries, Letters, and Self-Disclosure in Rilke’s Prose

This paper places Letters alongside two other works of prose by Rilke — The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge (1910) and Diaries of a Young Poet (1997). The first is Rilke’s only novel, in which a young man inscribes his thoughts, feelings, and activities in a series of journal entries; the second is a series of private journals which Rilke maintained between 1898 and 1900. Notebooks’ narrator resembles Rilke in several ways, but the novel’s fictiveness impedes upon readers’ instinct to treat the story as entirely autobiographical. In his actual diaries, published at the opposite end of the same century, Rilke drafts poetry, recounts his travels, marvels at art, pines after women, and records the minutia of everyday life, but he reveals little about his emotions or mental state. The posthumous publishing of Rilke’s Letters and Diaries is reactive, reflective of the poet’s lasting fame. Moreover, these books are a consequence of collective curiosity about the interior lives of larger-than-life writers. In each case — Letters, Notebooks, and Diaries — Rilke opts for a literary form that affords him the privacy, communication, or convenience most appropriate for a given subject matter or audience. In each case, writing is performative and a means of self-preservation. Yet a more scrutinizing examination of this trio of texts reveals that the real letters, fictionalized journal entries, and real journal entries each defy the parameters of their form. Under Rilke’s pen, they begin to resemble one another in unlikely and ironic ways. While his non-fiction prose eludes reader expectations, Rilke’s work of fiction skillfully generates the illusion of self-disclosure. This body of work forces readers to reconsider assumptions about the inheritances of form, the privacy of authors, and the intimacy of epistolary exchange and diary entries

The World Ends One Last Time

Two friends are reincarnated into alternate universes where they are destined to meet over and over again. Meanwhile, two otherworldly observers find themselves reflecting on their own bond with each other

Impact of the US-China Trade War to Chinese-Listed Companies\u27 Stock Returns

Since 2018, trade relations between the United States and China have become increasingly tense, with the United States attempting to restrict the development of Chinese companies through measures such as imposing tariffs and establishing entity lists. Chinese companies included in the entity list will lose opportunities to export products to the United States or import new technologies from the United States. This study employs the DID method, using Chinese A-share market-listed companies included in the entity list as samples, to examine the impact of Sino-US trade frictions on the stock returns of Chinese enterprises. The research findings indicate that this event has not had a significant effect on annual stock returns but has significantly negatively affected the annual high and low stock prices

The Illuminating Power of Christmas: Stories of Community

Christmas is an almost universal experience in the Western world. Its symbolism as a moment of community and connection reveals the human need to be with one another and fight our greatest fear—loneliness. Christmas is one of many winter festivals around the globe that demonstrate this need for connection, but because of Western media and culture it has become a holiday celebrated within and outside of the Christian faith and thus reaches a wide audience. It is a time when people come together to perform the same rituals every year and reflect. Christmas is a dedicated time to celebrate the ways in which we have forged communities and honor these bonds. The study of Christmas allows readers to understand the ways in which humans create collectives because Christmas occurs during a time of year best known for death and darkness, Christmas stories remind readers that there is light everywhere, in each of us