Model Development of Time and Cost Performance Measurement Methods - Earned Value Management (EVM) With a Combination of Dynamic Uncertainty Analysis (Case Study Road Construction Project in South Sulawesi Province)

In the execution cycle of a construction project often found a divergence varians especially with respect to time and costs, which in detecting the occurrence of a deviation of the project is often carried out an evaluation of the performance of the results that have been achieved both on time and cost. One method that is most frequently used in evaluating the performance of the cost and time that the methods Earned Value Management (EVM), but in the study of analysis methods EVM can be concluded that the assumptions used only linear and static i.e. the estimation of the time and cost of the project from performance has been generated just shows the estimated value of which is rigid and not dynamic, where as if the result of the estimated project cost and time performance shows one possible course. Therefore, the purpose of writing this article which is to carry out a development model of performance measurement time and cost of the project by analyzing a combination of uncertainty dynamic against time and cost of the project, which will be used in combination by entering the numbers uncertainties optimistic, enable / ideal and pessimism about the estimated time performance and future costs at the time of the evaluation process is done (Freeze time). From the study results of the analysis conducted can be formulated basic equation in the form of indicators that can be formulated to predict total project time and cost of the three conditions, namely optimistic pessimist and ideal and analysis to the level of probability methods normal distribution to predict time and total cost of completing a project construction

Proposed Improvement of Trans Semanggi Suroboyo Services Using IPA and QFD Methods

The high intensity of private vehicle usage has led to uncontrolled road congestion. To encourage residents to switch to public transportation, the Surabaya City Government introduced Trans Semanggi Suroboyo. Trans Semanggi Suroboyo experienced a decrease in passengers in 2023, with a decline of 324,711 passengers. Based on a preliminary survey with direct interviews conducted with 35 Trans Semanggi Suroboyo passengers, frequent complaints were related to service and facilities. Therefore, it is important to analyze and propose improvements to the services of Trans Semanggi Suroboyo as public transportation in Surabaya. To enhance the quality of services and facilities, it is essential to identify and evaluate passenger perceptions using service quality dimensions based on the Decree of the Director General of Land Transportation Number SK.5923/AJ.005/DRJD/2016. The most important service quality priorities for passengers are measured using the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method. This research identified 9 critical attributes that require improvement. Subsequently, a service quality improvement design was developed using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) approach through the House of Quality (HoQ) matrix, resulting in 5 priority technical responses. Based on these findings, a plan for improving the service and facilities of the Trans Semanggi Suroboyo bus was proposed to maintain the quality of public transportation services

The Impact of Artificial Technology on Authors of a Cinematographic Creation

Algorithmic systems are used almost everywhere in our everyday lives and have strongly made their indispensable way into the film industry. This new reality has changed the rigid entertainment business models and has significantly impacted copyright law. The critical question that arises is how cinematographic authorship rights are affected by artificial contributions. Consequently, the main issue at hand is determining the legal status of the film author when it comes to using artificially created works. Since the film is a collectively created work of art, the possible authors were first determined by reviewing the relevant regulations. During this analysis, it has been revealed that an artificially created effort that lacks human creative participation is not considered a contribution and, consequently, not an author in the dogmatic copyright systems. This opens Pandora's box about the philosophical question of whether an artificial intelligence can or must be equated with a natural person if the creative cognitive processes are like those of a human being. Despite correct approaches, the well-intentioned proposals of the legal systems examined need to be revised. Solutions such as the e-person, the factually attributable natural person and a particular form of fair use will be experimented with in the future. A final national and international copyright solution for filmmakers has yet to be seen on the horizon

Artificial Intelligence and Administrative Justice: An Analysis of Predictive Justice in France

This article critically analyzes the ethical and legal implications of adopting predictive analytics by the French administrative justice system. It raises a key question: Is it wise to integrate artificial intelligence into the administrative justice system, considering its potential benefits, despite the associated risks, ethical dilemmas, and legal challenges? The research employs a method based on an extensive literature review, a qualitative analysis of the adoption by the French administrative justice of predictive analytics tools, and a critical evaluation of the benefits and issues these tools bring. The study finds that AI can make the administrative justice system more efficient, reduce backlogs, and enhance the consistency and predictability of judicial decisions. However, the study also identifies important risks and serious ethical and legal issues associated with integrating AI tools into the justice system. Especially, AI utilization can lead to the dehumanization of justice and poses real risks to the independence and impartiality of justice. While AI can offer significant benefits to all the stakeholders of the administrative justice system, its integration must be approached with caution. A progressive and responsible approach to AI adoption is necessary to avoid compromising judicial integrity and upholding fundamental justice values.

Switching Behavior of Banks' Customers: Does It Exist?

Ideally, Indonesia with the largest Muslim population in the world is able to optimize its potential to become the prominent global player in Islamic finance industry. Unexpectedly, Indonesia is ranked at 9th position of global Islamic banking market. Despite the strong support from both government and society, it is ironic that the market share of Islamic bank in Indonesia has just reached 7.09% in 2022, far below its conventional counterpart, in its three decades of age. Employing descriptive quantitative approach, this study examines the presence of switching behavior of society in Indonesia by addressing why the impact of switching behavior has small impact on the market share improvement in the context of Indonesia. A total of 128 respondents were filling the questionnaire based on purposive random sampling fulfilling the criteria of being customer of both Islamic and conventional bank as well as currently working.Â

Communication is The Key to Promote Organizational Citizenship Behavior During Restructuring Organization

This research was conducted with the aim of answering phenomena, both the factual conditions of the business environment and the results of previous research so that it is beneficial for organizations to adopt the best policies for their organization. Apart from that, conceptually, this research is expected to contribute to the development of knowledge related to restructuring and employee organizational citizenship behavior related to communication. Moreover, the mediating effect of communication on the organization restructuring and organization citizenship behavior are examined through a quantitative technique. The data comes from companies that operate in the manufacturing sector and have undergone restructuring. Data from a sample of 72 emplyees were used to examine the hypothesized models. Results show that communication fully mediated the relationship between organizational restructuring and organizational citizenship behavior

The Role of Tax Officials in Mitigating Company’s Tax Obstacles

This study aims to examine the role of tax official in mitigating the positive relation between firm’s informal payment on tax obstacle. As the general discourses in tax avoidance, regulation, and compliance, the role of tax official is still had limited attention. In this regard, the examination based on the data of 229 firms from the World Bank Enterprise Survey 2019, specifically in two countries (i.e., Estonia and Latvia) which are listed as the top two countries with the highest International Tax Competitiveness Index. Accordingly, this study found that in the country well-established tax management, firm’s informal payment is positively affecting the level of its tax obstacle, while professionality and transparency of tax official is reporting a negative effect. Interactionally, tax official is weakening the positive effect of informal payment on tax obstacle. In general, this denote and provide evidence for the important role of professional and transparent tax official in the tax management. Several discussions further been elaborated in both theoretical and practical to enrich the topic of tax management

Examining Personal Data Protection Law of Indonesia and South Korea: The Privacy Rights Fulfilment

Personal data leakages have been experienced by both Indonesia and South Korea. To ensure the protection of privacy rights relating to personal data, both countries have promulgated special laws, namely the Indonesian Personal Data Protection Law (PDP Law) and the South Korean Personal Information Protection Act (PIPA). This study aims to compare the two laws to ascertain their similarities and differences by adopting a comparative law approach. The study found that similarities exist in the two laws. They are to protect personal data and confer rights on data subjects. In the absence of explicit consent given by data subjects, data controllers and processors are prohibited from collecting and processing the data with some exceptions. They also mandate a special institution that is tasked to investigate and sanction data controllers and processors when they conduct data infringement. There are inherent differences in the two laws. PIPA is designed to be the framework legislation and PDP is designed to be a special statute. Additionally, PIPA mandates the institution dealing with personal data protection without referring to any other law but the Act itself.  PDP Law clearly states that further provisions relating to this institution will be governed by Presidential Regulation

Suspicion on the Non-conformity of the Goods as a Foundation of Breach of International Sales Contract

The aim of the research is to analyze the breach of international sales contract based on suspicion on non-conformity of the goods in regards to United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG). This study is normative legal research. The types of approach used are the legislative approach, case approach, and conceptual approach. The analysis technique uses syllogistic methods through deductive thinking patterns. The result of the study indicates that the appropriate reason of suspicion of non-conformity of the goods under Article 35 of the CISG is the effect of suspicion on the usability of the goods rather than the existence of suspicion itself. It is required the most influence factor in having adverse effect on the function of the goods to be categorized as non-conformity of the goods in regards to a breach of contract. Suspicion could be removed by ensuring that the goods are functional. Finally, the burden of proof towards the suspicion on the non-conformity of the goods could be liable by the parties, especially the seller

Analysis of the Average Difference Test of Production and Income of Several Sweet Potato Varieties Farming in Merauke

This study aims to calculate the production and income derived from farming several sweet potato varieties. The research was conducted in Bersehati Village, Tanah Miring District, Merauke Regency. The Research location was chosen purposively with the consideration that Kampung Bersehati is the largest sweet potato producing area in Merauke Regency. In total there are 157 sweet potato farmer populations, the number of samples taken was 20% of the population or 31 farmers.  Data analysis was conducted using the concept of cost, revenue, farm income, feasibility and analysis of the average difference test. The results showed that the yield per growing season of the Cakar variety (1,603 kg) was higher than the Local variety (1,599 kg). However, farming the Local variety yielded a higher income (IDR 4,672,140.96) than the Cakar variety (IDR 4,475,777.98) at a selling price of IDR 6,000 per kg. The feasibility analysis showed that both the Local variety (R/C Ratio 1.95) and the Cakar variety (1.87) are worth trying. The difference test analysis revealed significant differences in production and income between the two varieties