Content Analysis of Teleconsultation Enquiries in Positive Health Club, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran

Objective: With the availability of specialists and the overflowing information in public and social networks, individuals have easy access to information about HIV and AIDS. However, medical counselling and healthcare settings still have an essential role. The aim of the present study was to analyze phone enquiries directed to the Positive Club of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran; this analysis was based on demographic features of participants.Design/Methodology/Approach: In this cross-sectional study, 5255 questions were extracted and coded from the Positive Club's counselling questionnaires; the coding procedure was based on Huber and Gilapsy's decimal classification. Data were processed by descriptive statistics and SPSS software.Findings: A majority of callers were men (59.43%), most callers were aged between 26 and 30 years, and HIV transmission and high-risk sexual behaviours were among frequently asked questions (47%).Originality/Value: Taking into account that most callers were concern about transmission via sexual contact (anal, vaginal, and oral) rather than injection and its related equipment, it seems reasonable to assume that HIV transmission flow may shift from shared injection equipment to high-risk sexual behaviors

Demographic Characteristics and Frequency of Use among Current Users of Classic Hallucinogens

Little is known about the demographic characteristics of classic hallucinogen users and few investigations address the frequency of their use. This study used five years of data from The National Survey on Drug Use and Health, an annual, nationally representative, cross-sectional survey, conducted by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration of the United States government, to examine age, gender, marital status, race/ethnicity, income, education, employment status and health status and among low, medium, and high frequency users of classic hallucinogens (N = 1323). Results indicated classic hallucinogen users were most likely to be White males between 18 and 25 years old, who had never been married, had some college, were employed full-time, had a family income less than $20,000 per year, and were in very good health. High frequency hallucinogen users were more likely to be males in the “Other†racial/ethnic category who were less well educated, and less healthy, but they did not differ from other users in age, marital status, family income, or employment. Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed

Nature Inspires Estrus Synchronization in Murciano-Granadina Goats under Extremely Hot Climate

Despite the seasonal nature of reproduction in goats, creating a capacity that enables getting goats pregnant throughout the year is of economical importance in commercial settings. The objective was to compare natural and artificial (hormonal) methods of estrus synchronization on pregnancy rate of Murciano-Granadina goats under extremely hot climate of southern Iran. To synchronize estrus, experimental goats received one of three treatments. The first group (n = 123) was treated with CIDR (intravaginal progesterone release) on day-0 and which was later removed on day-19 plus eCG injection followed by introduction to bucks on day-21. The second group (n = 157) was treated with CIDR on day-0 and with eCG injection on day-17, then CIDR removed on day-19 followed by introduction to bucks on day-21. The third group (n = 257) did not receive any hormonal treatments and were only synchronized naturally via introduction to bucks (natural mating). Findings revealed that natural synchronization (male effect) resulted in significantly greater pregnancy rates compared to the second group (69 vs. 53%, P < 0.05). The first group tended to have greater pregnancy than did the first group (63 vs. 53%, P < 0.10). Improved reproductive performance of dairy goats under hot stressful climate signifies the economical importance and practicality of natural mating as an effective method of estrus synchronization in commercial goat production

Nasal Septum Deviation by Age and Sex in a Study Population of Poles

Introduction: Nasal septum deviation is found in nearly 79% of all autopsies. A displacement of the nasal septum is caused by developmental disorders, which result in growth disproportions between different skeletal structures, as well as hereditary factors, and injuries to the nose and the facial skeleton.Aims: This study aims is to estimate the incidence of nasal septum deviation in a study population of Poles, with a breakdown by age and sex.Subjects and method(s): The people involved in the study were a group of 950 randomly selected residents of a large city. The subjects were aged between 6 and 76 years. The method used in the study was anterior rhinoscopy in combination with clinical history taking. Results: The investigation revealed that the number of cases of nasal septum deviation diagnosed on the basis of anterior rhinoscopy increases steadily with age, from 15% in children aged 7-8 years to 39.7% in adults (p<0.05). The results of the study show that men are more frequently diagnosed with nasal septum deviations than women are (p<0.05).Conclusions: A relatively large percentage of nasal septum deviations was observed in a population of Poles, with a breakdown by age and sex

Homicidal Ideation Associated with Low Dose Risperidone in a 10-Year-Old Boy: Subsequently Rage Responded Very Well to Low Dose Clonidine - Case Report

The homicidal ideation that arose when risperidone was prescribed, was an entirely new symptom, and it resolved when risperidone was ceased. An extensive literature search found no similar case reports. The response to clonidine was equally dramatic

A Practical Overview of the Role of Capillaroscopy in Rheumatic Diseases

Nailfold capillaroscopy is currently the best method to investigate microvascular abnormalities in systemic sclerosis and related conditions, and in other rheumatic conditions in which there is a clinical suspicion of microangiopathy. Although easy to perform, it is essential that the operators have been properly trained about correct method of images acquisition and interpretation. There are some parameters to indicate a normal/healthy capillaroscopic picture, but it is important to consider that there is a great variability in the capillary structure both interindividual and intraindividual. The early differential diagnosis between primary and secondary RP is the best advantage that the technique may offer.Remarkable capillaroscopic alterations are found in the majority of cases of systemic sclerosis and the so-called “scleroderma spectrum disorders†(dermatomyositis, mixed connective tissue disease, undifferentiated connective tissue disease). Nevertheless, some capillaroscopic changes have been observed in systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren’s syndrome, psoriatic and rheumatoid arthritis.Discussion about controversies on this topic should be encouraged, leading to a progressive development of capillaroscopy as a routine investigation in rheumatology

Mental Health among People Living with HIV (PLWH) in Iran: A Policy Brief Teaser: The necessity of a Tool for Mental Health in PLWH in Iran

Depression and anxiety are the most common mental health disorders in people living with HIV (PLWH). Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an important concern that could be significantly affected by psychological problems among PLWH. Therefore, the authors recommend using an anxiety and depression screening tool, among Iranian PLWH in HIV health care system and determine potential barriers to depression screening and effective care

Experience of Nursing Students in Mental Health Training in Kenya

Introduction: In Kenya, there are few psychiatric nurses available to provide mental health services. Few students pursue psychiatric nursing specialty.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting psychiatric clinical experience of students of nursing during mental health nursing placement and its influence on the choice of psychiatric nursing specialty training.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted with a sample size of 241 participants was carried out in 3 universities and 6 diploma training colleges in Kenya. Cluster and systematic random sampling was used to select the study participants. Statistical significance was set at p≤0.05.Results: Based on two-sided t-test, a significant relationship existed between value of mental health and willingness to pursue psychiatric nursing. Students who liked psychiatric nursing had a higher mean in the domain of value of mental health with a mean of 4.8 (95% CI= 4.7-4.9) unlike their counterparts with a mean of 4.5 (95% CI=4.4-4.6); p<0.0001. A significant relationship between the willingness to pursue mental health and preparation for mental health clinical placement existed. Students who had a valuable experience were willing to pursue mental health and they had a higher mean of 2.9 (95% CI = 2.9-3.0, p<0.0001).Conclusion: The findings from this study show that psychiatric experience of students influences the desire of a student to pursue the specialty. All people responsible with the training of students should ensure that the students have a pleasant psychiatric experience

Analgesia/Anesthesia in Reptiles

Nowadays, conducting clinical practice means dealing with a wide range of animal species, whose availability on the market is becoming more common and interest among owners is growing, which is why reptile patients may appear more often in the surgery. Due to the completely different nature of these animals, distinguishing them from the world of our most frequent patients, that is mammals, you must have the appropriate expertise to help them in accordance with the accepted international standards. We will often need general anesthesia, not only for surgical patients. Often, we must deal with aggressive and dangerous animals, which means that they require immobilization to ensure the safety of the staff, owners, and the suffering animal. The aim of this study is to familiarize the reader with the methods of conduct and methods of using analgesia and anesthesia in reptiles

Institutional Audit on Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

Background: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is commonly used in the management of large upper renal tract stones. It is highly effective but carries a greater risk of significant morbidity than less invasive treatment options such as ureteroscopy or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsyAims and Objectives: To analyse contemporary PCNL practice within our institute with an emphasis on outcome measures, including stone free and reduced complication rates and compare our data with previously published series.Material and Methods: A prospective study was conducted in 145 patients from January 2015 to June 2016 in Department of Urology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences who underwent PCNL procedure as per standard protocols. Effectiveness was assessed by stone-free rates and safety according to complications including blood transfusion, fever, and sepsis ratesResults: From January 2015 to June 2016, data on 145 patients who had PCNL procedures were collected. A total 17 of 145 procedures (11.7%) were for staghorncalculi, 84 (58%) for stones >2 cm, 41(28.3%) for stones 1–2 cm, and 3 (2.1%) for stones<1 cm. Complete stone clearance has been achieved in more than three fourth of the cases (76.6.%). Totally tubeless procedures were not associated with higher complication rates but did lead to a significant reduction in median length of stay (3 d vs 1.5 d; p <0.0001). Blood transfusion was required in 10 of 145 patients (6.4%). The incidence of postoperative fever was 19% and of sepsis was 4%.Conclusion: The PCNL data registry is a unique resource providing vital information on current practice and critical outcome data. Using the registry, endourologists can audit their practice against national outcome data for this benchmark procedure. It will help surgeons counsel patients during consent for this complex endourologic procedure about the possible outcome in their hands