1,818 research outputs found
Nuclear Security Dilemma in Nuclear Multipolar World vs Zero Hunger
The Russia–Ukraine war has increased the risk not only of nuclear weapons use but also of the food crisis. A world free of nuclear weapons has once again emerged among the strategic priorities of international relations and states. We live in an age where the sources of threats are not limited to war and the threat of using nuclear weapons but also include the global climate crisis, starvation, and migration, which affect a significant part of humanity and also challenge security. Currently, a significant proportion of the global population suffers from hunger, intensified further by the coronavirus disease and economic crisis. In this article, I intend to dispense with nuclear weapons—one of the biggest threats to world stability, costing billions of dollars that fall within the scope of sunk costs—to contribute to ending hunger—one of the biggest threats to humanity— in the light of “Let humanity live so that the state can live” philosophy, and to fight the global climate crisis. This study suggests a creative perspective and addresses the problems holistically by providing a peace research analysis on the nexus of peace, security, and solidarity.Rusya-Ukrayna savaşı, yalnızca nükleer silah kullanma riskini değil, aynı zamanda gıda krizi riskini de artırdı. Nükleer silahlardan arındırılmış bir dünya, uluslararası ilişkilerin ve devletlerin stratejik öncelikleri arasında bir kez daha öne çıktı. Tehdit kaynaklarının sadece savaş ve nükleer silah kullanma tehdidiyle sınırlı kalmayıp, insanlığın önemli bir bölümünü etkileyen ve güvenliği de tehdit eden küresel iklim krizi, açlık ve göç gibi konuların da yer aldığı bir çağda yaşıyoruz. Şu anda, küresel nüfusun önemli bir bölümü, koronavirü pandemisi ve ekonomik kriz tarafından daha da yoğunlaşan açlıktan muzdariptir. Bu makalede, dünya istikrarına yönelik en büyük tehditlerden biri olan ve batık maliyetler kapsamına giren milyarlarca dolara mal olan nükleer silahlardan vazgeçilmesini, insanlık için en büyük tehditlerden biri olan açlığın sona erdirilmesine ve küresel iklim krizi katkıda bulunmayı amaçlıyorum. Bu çalışma yaratıcı bir bakış açısı önermekte ve barış, güvenlik ve dayanışma ekseninde bir analiz sunarak sorunların bütüncül olarak ele alınması ve “insanı yaşat ki devlet yaşasın” felsefesini somut bir uygulama alanı olarak tavsiye etmektedir.Oca
The evolution of water diplomacy frameworks: The Euphrates-Tigris basin as a case study
Water diplomacy encompasses the processes and institutions through which the national interests and identities of sovereign states are represented to one another. It is enshrined in international law, which states use to explain and justify their policies to concerned actors in the international system. States mostly prefer traditional tools of water diplomacy such as negotiation and mediation to resolve disputes in transboundary river basins. This chapter explores water diplomacy along with its main principles and actors. On the one hand, the state has been the main actor in shaping transboundary water policies and conducting water diplomacy throughout the last few decades of water disputes. On the other hand, international organizations, international financial agencies, non-governmental organizations, and science-policy (Track II) initiatives also participate in water diplomacy. A brief discussion of emerging water diplomacy approaches is followed by a case study on the evolution of water diplomacy frameworks in the Euphrates-Tigris river basin.2-s2.0-85182480058Oca
Integrating Genre-based Writing and Critical Thinking in Developing Writing Skills of Pre-service Language Teachers
This book explores how EFL writing teacher education is theoretically, pedagogically, methodologically and sociopolitically shaped, given teachers' unique local contexts and circumstances. It showcases practitioners and researchers teaching in, or studying, geographic areas that have as yet been under-represented in international publications, and it focuses on ways that specific contexts create unique opportunities and constraints on what developing teachers know and do in their work. The chapters prioritize local voices and materials to build a more inclusive and comprehensive picture of L2 writing globally, enabling the book as a whole to both document and further shape pedagogical approaches to L2 writing. Readers will be able to use the unique insights contained in this book in their own classrooms and professional development activities.Mar
Investigation of the motion of a spherical object located at soft elastic and viscoelastic material interface for identification of material properties
Measuring the properties of soft viscoelastic materials is challenging. Here, the motion of a spherical object located at the soft elastic and viscoelastic material interface for the identification of material properties is thoroughly investigated. Formulations for different loading cases were derived. First, the theoretical models for a spherical object located at an elastic medium interface were derived, ignoring the medium viscosity. After summarizing the model for the force reducing to zero following the initial loading, we developed mathematical models for the force reducing to a lower non-zero value or increasing to a higher non-zero value, following the initial loading. Second, a similar derivation process was followed to evaluate the response of a spherical object located at a viscoelastic medium interface. Third, by performing systematic analyses, the theoretical models obtained via different approaches were compared and evaluated. Fourth, the measured and predicted responses of a spherical object located at a gelatin phantom interface were compared and the viscoelastic material properties were identified. It was seen that the frequency of oscillations of a spherical object located at the sample interface during loading was 10–15% different from that during unloading in the experimental studies here. The results showed that different loading cases have immense practical value and the formulations for different loading cases can provide an accurate determination of material properties in a multitude of biomedical and industrial applications
The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: Cross-national measurement invariance and convergent validity evidence
Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) is a widely used measure that captures somatic symptoms of coronavirus-related anxiety. In a large-scale collaboration spanning 60 countries (Ntotal = 21,513), we examined the CAS's measurement invariance and assessed the convergent validity of CAS scores in relation to the fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S) and the satisfaction with life (SWLS-3) scales. We utilized both conventional exact invariance tests and alignment procedures, with results revealing that the single-factor model fit the data well in almost all countries. Partial scalar invariance was supported in a subset of 56 countries. To ensure the robustness of results, given the unbalanced samples, we employed resampling techniques both with and without replacement and found the results were more stable in larger samples. The alignment procedure demonstrated a high degree of measurement invariance with 9% of the parameters exhibiting noninvariance. We also conducted simulations of alignment using the parameters estimated in the current model. Findings demonstrated reliability of the means but indicated challenges in estimating the latent variances. Strong positive correlations between CAS and FCV-19S estimated with all three different approaches were found in most countries. Correlations of CAS and SWLS-3 were weak and negative but significantly differed from zero in several countries. Overall, the study provided support for the measurement invariance of the CAS and offered evidence of its convergent validity while also highlighting issues with variance estimation.WOS:0011095657000012-s2.0-851815454273801078038010780Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI)Article; Early AccessUluslararası işbirliği ile yapılan - EVETKasım2023YÖK - 2022-23Oca
Site response analysis in performance based approach
A performance based approach for site response analysis requires a probabilistic approach accounting for the observed variability in soil stratification and engineering properties of the soil layers. The major variability in site-specific response analysis arises from the uncertainties induced by the (a) local seismic hazard assessment, (b) selection and scaling of the hazard compatible input earthquake time histories, (c) soil stratification and engineering properties of encountered soil and rock layers, and (d) method of site response analysis. Even though the uncertainties related to first item, local seismic hazard assessment, has primary importance on the outcome of the site-specific response analyses, the discussion in this article focuses on the possible uncertainties in selection and scaling of the hazard compatible input earthquake time histories, soil stratification, thickness, type and their engineering properties, depth of ground water table and bedrock and properties of the engineering bedrock. One alternative may be to conduct site response analyses for large number of soil profiles generated by Monte Carlo simulations using relatively large number of hazard compatible acceleration time histories to assess probabilistic performance based design acceleration spectra and acceleration time histories calculated on the ground surface with respect to different performance levels. A remaining issue may be considered as the variability induced by 1D, 2D, and 3D site response analysis2-s2.0-85182702864Mar
Prediction of Loan Decisions with Optical Neuroimaging (fNIRS) and Machine Learning
The successful applications of neuroscientific methods and artificial learning approaches have increased in applied fields such as economics, marketing, and finance in the last decade. In this study, a prediction model was developed using the output of optical neuroimaging (fNIRS) measurements from the prefrontal brain regions while 40 participants made decisions for 35 credit offers. The aim was to predict participants' responses to credit offers using artificial learning methods based on four metrics obtained over time from the optical neuroimaging system. The findings of the study indicate that the first 6 seconds (prior to the response entry) are particularly critical. While the performance rate in the developed prediction models is found to be higher, especially in tree-based algorithms, this paper includes a performance comparison of 5 models specifically.IEEE,TUBITAK BILGEM,TurkcellWOS:001062571000221Conference Proceedings Citation Index – Science - Conference Proceedings Citation Index – Social Science & HumanitiesProceedings PaperUluslararası işbirliği ile yapılmayan - HAYIREkim2023YÖK - 2022-2
State of the Art in Application of Seismic Isolation and Energy Dissipation in Turkey
This paper summarizes the passive structural control system applications and other related developments in Turkey, emphasizing the period between 2019 and 2022. The country hosts state-of-the-art seismic isolation applications, relatively greater in size, and use more isolators in each project (415 isolators per building on average) compared to the other seismic isolation projects worldwide. Construction of the world's largest seismic isolated building, Istanbul Basaksehir Pine and Sakura City Hospital, covering more than 1 million square meters of area and employing more than 2000 seismic isolators, was completed and has been in service since May 2020. 1915 Canakkale Bridge, constructed in memory of the great war of Canakkale during World War I, is now the world's longest suspension bridge with a 2023m main span length. Eight massive hydraulic dampers were used at the main deck and 48 at the approach viaducts in combination with 72 seismic isolators. Construction of a residential building complex in Istanbul consisting of 16 isolated blocks covering more than 170,000 m(2) area and having 454 seismic isolators is coming to an end very soon. Historical Nusretiye Clock Tower in Istanbul was relocated a few meters over seismic isolators. Historical Goztepe Railway Station in Istanbul was retrofitted to accommodate an additional railway line using seismic isolation technology. Seismic codes for buildings and bridges now include rules for the seismically isolated design of structures. Additionally, all seismic isolation designs must be peer-reviewed by law. A new seismic isolator testing facility was established in Eskisehir to respond to the demand for the large number of isolators that need to be tested.Politecnico TorinoWOS:0009635759000022-s2.0-85148685365Conference Proceedings Citation Index – ScienceProceedings PaperUluslararası işbirliği ile yapılmayan - HAYIRNisan2023YÖK - 2022-2
Data from an international multi-centre study of statistics and mathematics anxieties and related variables in university students (the smarvus dataset)
This large, international dataset contains survey responses from N = 12,570 students from 100 universities in 35 countries, collected in 21 languages. We measured anxieties (statistics, mathematics, test, trait, social interaction, performance, creativity, intolerance of uncertainty, and fear of negative evaluation), self-efficacy, persistence, and the cognitive reflection test, and collected demographics, previous mathematics grades, self-reported and official statistics grades, and statistics module details. Data reuse potential is broad, including testing links between anxieties and statistics/mathematics education factors, and examining instruments’ psychometric properties across different languages and contexts.2-s2.0-85176239315Mayı
The potential of clean hydrogen in Turkey's energy supply security
Türkiye fosil enerji kaynakları itibariyle ithal bağımlılığı olan bir ülkedir. Bu bağımlılık ülkenin ekonomik kaynaklarının önemli bir kısmının enerji maliyetlerine ayrılmasına neden olmaktadır. Düzenli büyüyen ekonomisi, nüfus artışının devam etmesi, dış göç alması gibi unsurlar da hesaba katıldığında ülkenin enerji ihtiyacının artarak devam edeceği açıktır. Buna karşın ülkenin yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları olan güneş enerjisi, rüzgar enerjisi, hidroelektrik ve jeotermal gibi alanlarda çok önemli bir potansiyeli bulunmaktadır. Ancak bu kaynakların mevsimsel ya da dönemsel üretim yapabilmesi ve depolama, nakliye gibi sıkıntıları bulunmaktadır. Bu sebeple yine bu yenilenebilir kaynaklardan üretilen, çevre dostu yeşil hidrojen ve yeşil hidrojen türevi amonyak gibi ürünler enerji taşıyıcısı olarak alternatif olabilir. Söz konusu tez yeşil hidrojenin ülkenin enerji güvenliği, ekonomik güvenlik, çevre güvenliği ve hatta gıda güvenliğine önemli bir katkı yapabileceğini, bu bağlamda dünyadaki gelişmeleri de değerlendirerek tartışacaktır.Türkiye is an import dependent country on fossil energy sources. This dependency causes the important part of country's economic sources to allocate to energy costs. It is clear that the country's energy needs will continue to increase in view of factors such as its regularly growing economy, continuing population growth and having foreign. On the other hand, the country has a very important potential in renewable energy sources like solar energy, wind energy, hydroelectric and geothermal. Nevertheless, these resources have problems like seasonal or periodical production and storage and transportation. Therefore, products such as climate friendly green hydrogen and/or green hydrogen derivative ammonia that are produced from these renewable resources might be alternative as energy carriers. The thesis will discuss whether green hydrogen can make a significant contribution to the country's energy security, economic security, environmental security and even food security, by evaluating the developments in the world in this context
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